Benjamin Shapiro
Associate Professor
Department of Aerospace Engineering
University of Maryland at College Park
Joint appointment with Institute for Systems Research (ISR)
Affiliated with Bioengineering graduate program and
Applied Math and Scientific Computation (AMSC) program

Address:	3178 Glenn L. Martin Hall, College Park, Maryland 20742
Phone:	(301) 405-4191
Email:	benshap@wam.umd.edu

Research Interests

Modeling and control of micro flows for aerospace and bio-chemical applications. Focus on micro-scale applications where control can dramatically improve or allow new system capabilities. Interested in demonstrating pathway from initial application choice, to system modeling, phrasing of application goals as tractable control problems, control algorithm development, and experimental validation.

Appointments

• June 2000 – April 2006 Aerospace, University of Maryland, Assistant Professor.
• Joint appointment with Institute for Systems Research (ISR).
• Affiliated with Bioengineering graduate program and Applied Math and Scientific Computation (AMSC) program.
• Carrying out research in modeling, design, and control of micro-scale systems, with a focus on micro-fluidic systems for aerospace and bio-chemical applications. Have focused on demonstrating control of micro-scale systems from initial choice of novel applications, to modeling and control design, to final experimental verification of new micro-scale capabilities. Application themes include micro-fluidic devices for steering of cells, for lab-on-a-chip applications, and for medical diagnostics (cancer screening, pathogen detection); modeling and control of conducting plastic micro-actuators; and micro-airfoil shape control.
• Teaching graduate courses in control theory (optimal and multi-variable control) and undergraduate courses in rigid body dynamics.

Articles in Refereed Journals

Published and Accepted: My students are marked by an asterix (*)

1. M.Christophersen, B.Shapiro, E.Smela, “Characterization and Modeling of PPy Bilayer Microactuators. Part 1: Curvature”, Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, vol 115, pg 596-609, 26 June 2006.
2. S.Walker*, B.Shapiro, “A Control Method for Steering Individual Particles Inside Liquid Droplets Actuated by Electrowetting”, Lab on a Chip Journal, vol 12, no 1, pg 1404 – 1407, 2005.
3. S.Walker*, B.Shapiro, “Modeling the Fluid Dynamics of Electro-Wetting On Dielectric (EWOD)”, Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems (JMEMS), vol 15, no 4, pg 986-1000, Aug 2006.
4. P.Mathai*, B.Shapiro, “Interconnection of Subsystem Reduced Order Models in the Electro-thermal Analysis of a Large System”, IEEE Transactions on Components and Packaging Technologies. In press Jan 2007.
5. M.Armani*, S.Chaudhary*, R.Probst*, B.Shapiro, “Using Feedback Control of Micro-Flows to Independently Steer Multiple Particles”, Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems (JMEMS), vol 15, no 4, pg 945-956, Aug 2006.
6. B.Shapiro, E.Smela, “Bending Actuators with Maximum Curvature and Force and Zero Interfacial Stress”, Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures (JIMSS), vol 18, pg 181-186, Feb 2007. (First published online 17 May 2006.) [Invited, for special issue.]
7. S.Chaudhary*, B.Shapiro, “Arbitrary Steering of Multiple Particles Independantly in an Electroosmotically Driven Microfluidic System”, IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, vol 14, issue 4, pg 669-680, July 2006.
8. M.Armani*, S.Chaudhary*, R.Probst*, S.Walker*, B.Shapiro, “Control of Micro-Fluidic Systems: Two Examples, Results, and Challenges”, International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control. vol 15, issue 16, pg 785-803, 10 November 2005. [Invited paper]
9. B.Shapiro, “Workshop on Control of Micro- and Nano-Scale Systems”, IEEE Control Systems Magazine, vol 25, pg 82-88, April 2005.
10. I.Treise*, N.Fortner*, B.Shapiro, A.Hightower, “Efficient Energy Based Modeling and Experimental Validation of Liquid Filling in Planar Micro-Fluidic Components and Networks”, Lab on a Chip Journal, vol 5, no 3, pg 285-297, 2004.
11. X. Wang, E.Smela, B.Shapiro “Visualizing Ion Currents during Electrochemical Phase Transitions” Advanced Materials, vol 16, no 18, pg 1605–1609, Oct 2004.
12. T.Lin*, A.Modafe, B.Shapiro, R.Ghodssi “Characterization of Dynamic Friction in MEMS-Based Microball Bearings”, IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol 53, no 3, pg 839-846, June 2004.
13. B.Shapiro, H.Moon, R.Garrell, C.J.Kim, “Equilibrium Behavior of Sessile Drops under Surface Tension, Applied External Fields, and Material Variations”, Journal of Applied Physics, vol 93, no 9, pg 5794-5811, May 2003.
14. B.Shapiro, K.Willcox “Analyzing Mistuning of Bladed Disks by Symmetry and Reduced-Order Aerodynamic Modeling”, Journal of Propulsion and Power, vol 19, no 2, pg 307-311, March-April 2003.
15. B.Shapiro “Creating Compact Models of Complex Electronic Systems: An Overview and Suggested Use of Existing Model Reduction and Experimental System Identification Tools”, IEEE Transactions on Components, Parts and Manufacturing Technology, vol 26, no 1, pg 165-172, March 2003. [Invited paper]
16. B. Shapiro. “Solving for Mistuned Forced Response by Symmetry”, Journal of Propulsion and Power, vol 15, no 2, pg 310-325, March-April 1999.
17. B. Shapiro. “Symmetry Approach to Extension of Flutter Boundaries via Mistuning”, Journal of Propulsion and Power, vol 14, no 3, pg 354-366, May-June 1998.
18. B. Shapiro, B.T. Zinn, “High Frequency Nonlinear Vibrational Control”, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, vol 42, no 1, pg 83-90, Jan 1997.

Books

1. Books authored
   None.
2. Books planned
   B.Shapiro, “Control of Micro- and Nano-Scale Systems”. Book was requested by Artech House Publishers for 2006 but, due to my request, it was agreed that the book would instead be written for 2008 (after tenure).
3. Books edited
   None.
4. Chapters in books
   B.Shapiro, “Control of Microfluidics” entry for Encyclopedia of Micro-
   and Nanofluidics, editor D. Li. To be published by Springer. Shapiro
   entry has been submitted, encyclopedia as a whole is under preparation.

Patents

My students are marked by an asterix (*).

1. B.Shapiro, “Dynamic Manipulation of Magnetic Fields to Focus Particles/Drugs to Deep Tissue Targets”. Provisional patent submitted to OTC at UMD on 12 March 2007.
2. B.Shapiro, R.Cain, “System Identification Applied to Microcantilever Sensors”. Provisional patent submitted by OTC at UMD on 15 November 2006.
3. B.Shapiro, S.Quake, “Feedback Control of Protein Crystal Growth”. Univ. of Maryland OTC office provided with provisional patent information on 30 June 2006.
4. B.Shapiro, S.Quake, “Nanoparticle Nucleation of Protein Crystal Growth”. Univ. of Maryland OTC office provided with provisional patent information on 30 June 2006.
5. M.Emmert-Buck, J.Gillespie, B.Shapiro, E.Smela, “Micro-Array for Nucleotide Amplification with 2D Positional Information”. Provisional patent submitted to OTC office Nov 2005.
6. B.Shapiro, C.Hisley, C.Eggleton “Using MR Images and Fluid Flow Simulations to Predict Plaque Rapture and Stroke in Patients”. Provisional patent filed by OTC office Oct 2004.
7. B.Shapiro, E.Smela “Micro-Fluidic Pumping for High Stress and Strain Actuation”. Provisional patent filed by OTC office Sept 2004. Submitted to patent office 7 Sep 2005.
8. B.Shapiro, E.Smela, P.Abshire, D.Wirtz “Cell Sensor Based Pathogen Detection”. Provisional patent filed by OTC office Sept 2004. Submitted to patent office 30 Aug 2005. [Awarded: Invention of the year in 2004 at the University of Maryland within the Physical Science category. One winner was chosen in each of the six categories by the Office of Technology Commercialization and by an external review process.]
9. B.Shapiro, S.Chaudhary*, M.Armani*, R.Probst* “Arbitrary and Simultaneous Control of Multiple Particles in Micro-Fluidic Systems”. Invention of disclosure submitted to UMD Office of Commercialization on 14 Dec 2002. Patent filed 5 Sept 2004. [One of three finalists for invention of the year 2003 at the University of Maryland.]
10. B. Shapiro, “Rotors with Mistuned Blades”. Patent issued Nov 30, 1999. This patent is licensed by Pratt & Whitney, a subsidiary of United Technologies Corporation, as of May 2006.

Refereed Conference Papers: Published, Presented, or Accepted.

My students are marked by an asterix (*).
Page/article numbers are cited when available.

1. M.Armani, S.Chaudhary, R.Probst, B.Shapiro, “Steering and Trapping Multiple Particles by Feedback Flow Control: Theory and Experiments”, Applied Physics Society (APS) March meeting, Baltimore, MD, March 2006.
2. X.Wang, B.Shapiro, E.Smela, “Modeling Charge Transport in Conjugated Polymers”, EAPAD 2006, San Diego, CA, March 2006. Submitted Jan 2006.
3. P.Mathai*, B.Shapiro, D.DeVoe, S.Sivanesan, “Modeling and Simulation of Ampholyte Behavior in 2-Dimensional Isoelectric Focusing”, 2005 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress on Exposition, Orlando, Florida, 5-11 Nov 2005. (IMECE2005-81854).
4. M.Armani*, S.Walker*, B.Shapiro, “Modeling and Control of Electrically Actuated Surface Tension Driven Micro-Fluidic Systems”, Joint 2005 International Symposium on Intelligent Control & 13th Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation (2005 ISIC-MED), pg 131-138, Cyprus, Greece, 27-29 June 2005. [Won best paper in session award.]
5. S.Fanning*, Y.Liu, M.Christophersen, M.Duerkop, E.Smela, B.Shapiro, “Polypyrrole/Gold Bilayer Characterization”, EAPAD 2005, vol 5759, pg 292-301, San Diego, CA, March 2005.
6. X.Wang, E.Smela, and B.Shapiro, "Modeling ion transport in conjugated polymers", Second World Congress on Biomimetics, Artificial Muscles, & Nano-Bio, Albuquerque, NM, Dec. 6-8, 2004.
7. B.Shapiro and E.Smela, "Ion and electron transport in PPy conjugated polymers (conducting plastic) microactuators", ASME Int'l. Mechanical Engineering Congress, Anaheim, CA. Nov. 13-19, 2004. [B.Shapiro invited speaker.]
8. X.Wang, B.Shapiro, and E.Smela, "Modeling conjugated polymer actuators: understanding ion transport", ASME Int'l. Mechanical Engineering Congress, Anaheim, CA, Nov. 13-19, 2004.
9. M.Armani*, S.Chaudhary*, R.Probst*, B.Shapiro, “Using Feedback Control and Micro-Fluidics to Steer Individual Particles”, MEMS 2005, pg 855-858, Miami, Florida. 30 Jan to 3 Feb, 2005. [Accepted as oral presentation. Only 5% of the 750 submitted abstracts were accepted as oral presentations.]
10. X.Wang, B.Shapiro, E.Smela, “Understanding Ion Transport in Conjugated Polymers”, The International Conference on Synthetic Metals (ICSM) 2004, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia 28 June to 2 July 2004. [Invited paper.]
11. X.Wang, E.Smela, and B.Shapiro, "Understanding ion transport in conjugated polymers", SPIE's 11th Annual Int'l. Symposium on Smart Structures and Materials, EAPAD, San Diego, CA, 15-18 March, 2004, SPIE, Ed. Y. Bar-Cohen, Vol. 5385, 146-154. [Smela invited speaker.]
12. M.Armani*, S.Chaudhary*, R.Probst*, B.Shapiro, “Micro Flow Control Particle Tweezers”, mTAS 2004, Malmo, Sweden, 26-30 September 2004.
13. B.Shapiro, “Summary of the NSF Workshop on Control and System Integration of Micro- and Nano-Scale Systems”, American Control Conference, Boston, MA, June 30 – July 2, 2004.
14. X.Tan, A.Modafe, R.Hergert, N.Ghalichechian, B.Shapiro, J.S.Baras, and R.Ghodssi, “Vision-based Microtribological Characterization of Linear Microball Bearings”, ASME/STLE International Joint Tribology Conference: Special Symposia on Contact Mechanics, Long Beach, CA, 24-27 Oct 2004. (TRIB2004-64334)
15. G.Barrett, E.Smela, B.Shapiro, S.Fanning*, L.H.Oh, M.S.Furst, J.Wallace, P.Sheth, N.Thakor, A.Natarajan, “The Development of a MEMS Based System for the Treatment of Urinary Incontinence”, 19th ASME Nanomechanics conference, Reno, Nevada, 18 May 2004. [Chosen as best presentation at the conference.]
16. G.Barrett, E.Smela, B.Shapiro, L. H. Oh, J. Wallace, N. Thakor, and A. Natarajan, "Nanotechnology: From nanobots to reality and back again", G. Barrett invited speaker at Nanotechnology In Biomedical Innovation, Tysons Corner, VA, May 6, 2004, Feynman Beltway Series.
17. M.Manion*, N.Sergeev, I.Treise*, B.Shapiro, A.Rasooly, “Hand-held Microfluidics Multi-channel Immunosensor for Detection of Multiple Microbial Toxins Simultaneously”, 2004 Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Science Forum, Washington DC, 18-19 May 2004. [Won the “Clear Science Communication Award” out of 412 competing posters. It is now displayed in the FDA commissioners office.]
18. B.Shapiro, “Flow Control on the Micro-Scale for Bio-Chemical Sensing and Actuation”, 42nd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, Reno, Nevada, 5-8 Jan 2004.
19. S.Walker*, B. Shapiro, “Modeling the Fluid Dynamics of Electro-Wetting on Dielectric (EWOD)”, 2004 Nanotech, Boston, MA, March 7-11, 2004.
20. B.Shapiro, “Control Challenges in Micro Fluidic Systems and Nanoscale Transport Phenomena”, 2003 IEEE Conference on Decision & Control (CDC 2003), Maui, Hawaii, 9-12 Dec 2003.
21. S.Chaudhary*, B.Shapiro, “Arbitrary Control of Multiple Particles in a Microfluidic Device”, International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, Washington DC, 16-21 Nov 2003.
22. B.Shapiro, S.Walker*, N.Fortner* “Modeling Surface Tension under Applied Fields: Energy Methods, Stokes Flow, and Level Sets”, 7TH US National Congress on Computational Mechanics (USNCCM), Alburquerque, New Mexico, 28-31 July 2003. [Invited talk.]
23. N.Fortner*, B.Shapiro, “Equilibrium and Dynamic Behavior of Micro Flows Under Electrically Induced Surface Tension Actuation Forces”, The 2003 International Conference on MEMS, NANO, and Smart Systems (ICMEMS), Banff, Alberta, Canada, July 20-23, 2003. [Invited talk.]
24. B.Shapiro, “Modeling for Design and Control in Micro-Fluidic Systems”, Mathematical Problems in Microscale Systems, 5th International Congress on Industrial and Applied Mathematics (ICIAM), Sydney Australia 7-11 July, 2003. [Invited talk.]
25. N.Fortner*, B.Shapiro, A.Hightower, “Modeling and Passive Control of Channel Filling for Micro Fluidic Networks with Thousands of Channels”, American Institute of Aeronautics & Astronautics (AIAA) 33rd AIAA Fluid Dynamics Conference and Exhibit, Orlando, FL, 23-26 June 2003. (AIAA-2003-4015)
26. Y.Liu, L.Oh, S.Fanning*, B.Shapiro, E.Smela, “Fabrication of Folding Microstructures Actuated by Polypyrrole/Gold Bilayer”, Transducers 2003, vol 1, pg 786-789, Boston, June 8-12.
27. B.Shapiro, H.Moon, R.Garrell, C.J.Kim, “Modeling of Electrowetted SurfaceTension for Addressable Microfluidic Systems: Dominant Physical Effects, Material Dependences, and Limiting Phenomena”, Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS2003), pg 201-205, Kyoto, Japan, 19-23 Jan 2003.
28. B.Shapiro “Creating Reduced-Order Models for Electronic Systems: An Overview and Suggested Use of Existing Model Reduction and Experimental System Identification Tools”, THERMES 2002, Thermal Challenges in Next Generation Electronic Systems, vol 26, no 1, pg 165-172, Santa Fe, Jan 13-16, 2002. Proceedings published by Millpress, Netherlands.
29. D.Lin*, D. Wendland, B.Shapiro, R.Ghodssi “Measurement of Rolling Friction for MEMS Applications”. IUVSTA 15th International Vacuum Congress (IVC-15), AVS 48th International Symposium (AVS-48), 11th International Conference on Solid Surfaces (ICSS-11). San Francisco, CA. Oct 28-Nov 2, 2001.
30. B.Shapiro, N.Fortner*, A. Hightower “Surface Tension Flows in Bent Micro-Channels: An Energy Minimization Theory versus Experiment”, Applied Physics Society, Nano-Scale Physics Applications session. Seattle, March 12, 2000. [Presentation but no published proceedings.]
31. B.Shapiro, “Model Reduction of Models for MEMS Friction Dynamics”, Dynamics of Micro and Nanoscale Devices and Materials, minisymposium held at the SIAM Pacific Rim Dynamics meeting, August 2000 [Invited talk, no published proceedings.]
32. B.Shapiro, “Characterizing Mode Localization by Symmetry”, Joint Propulsion Conference, 34th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE, July 1998.
33. B.Shapiro, B.D.Coller, “Characterizing Optimal Mistuning by Symmetry Arguments”, IEEE Conference on Control Applications, 1997.
34. B.Shapiro, “Optimal Mistuning: An Analysis of Flutter Boundaries in Turbomachines”, Joint Propulsion Conference, 33rd AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE, July 1997.
35. J.Doyle, J.A.Primbs, B.Shapiro, V.Nevistic. “Nonlinear Games: Examples and Counter-examples”, IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, Dec 1996.

Fellowships, Prizes, and Awards

1. 2006, selected for membership in Council of Outstanding Young Engineering Alumni, Georgia Institute of Technology. Membership is reserved for alumni of the engineering college under forty years of age who have distinguished themselves through professional practice and or service to GT, the profession, or society-at-large.
2. 2005-2006 Outstanding Professor AIAA award. Each year students in the Aerospace department vote for the “… professor deemed to be the best teacher in courses over the past academic year”.
3. Invited by the National Science Foundation to be a part of the US delegation for US-Japan Young Researcher in Nano Program, in US March 2006, in Japan Oct 2006.
4. Won best paper in session award for conference paper: M.Armani, S.Walker, B.Shapiro, “Modeling and Control of Electrically Actuated Surface Tension Driven Micro-Fluidic Systems”, Joint 2005 International Symposium on Intelligent Control & 13th Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation (2005 ISIC-MED), Cyprus, Greece, 27-29 June 2005.
5. Patent awarded Invention of the year in 2004 at the University of Maryland within the Physical Science category. One winner was chosen in each of the six categories by the Office of Technology Commercialization and by an external review process. B.Shapiro, E.Smela, P.Abshire, D.Wirtz “Cell Sensor Based Pathogen Detection”. Provisional patent filed by OTC office Sept 2004.
6. Awarded ‘rainmaker’ status by the Vice President of Research, University of Maryland for securing major contract and grant support. Sept 2004.
7. Conference paper chosen as best presentation at conference: G.Barrett, E.Smela, B.Shapiro, S.Fanning, L.H.Oh, M.S.Furst, J.Wallace, P.Sheth, N.Thakor, A.Natarajan, “The Development of a MEMS Based System for the Treatment of Urinary Incontinence”, 19th ASME Nanomechanics conference, Reno, Nevada, 18 May 2004.
8. Invention of the year finalist, one of three for invention of the year 2003 at the University of Maryland. B.Shapiro, S.Chaudhary, M.Armani, R.Probst “Arbitrary and Simultaneous Control of Multiple Particles in Micro-Fluidic Systems”. Invention of disclosure submitted to UMD Office of Commercialization on 14 Dec 2002. Patent filed 5 Sept 2004.
9. 2003 NSF CAREER Award “CAREER: Feedback Control of Micro-Fluidic Packets and the Bio-Particles Within Them”, funded by Dr. Maria Burka (CTS) and Dr. Kishan Baheti (ECS) for research on modeling and control of bio-chemical micro flows.
10. 1995-98 NSF fellowship for PhD studies.

Also see my Aerospace Profile Page

Top of page